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WHAT IS WASH IN SCHOOLS?
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in schools refers to a combination of infrastructure (Hardware),
its maintenance and behaviour (Software) components that are necessary to
produce a healthy school environment and to develop or support appropriate
health and hygiene behaviours.
Components
of WASH:
•
Access to sufficient quantities of safe water for
– Drinking
– Hand-washing
and personal hygiene
•
Sufficient water for:
– Cooking
•
Cleaning, flushing toilets, school
gardens, etc
•
Toilet facilities that are:
– Child-friendly,
gender-specific, culturally and environmentally appropriate, private, safe, and
well maintained
•
Personal hygiene materials
–
soap, sanitary pads, etc
•
Hygiene education
– Curriculum,
lesson plans, role play, group activities, wall-paintings, competitions etc
•
Safe disposal of solid waste
•
Control measures to reduce transmission
and morbidity of WASH-related illnesses
–
Approaches to control vector borne
disease
–
Diarrhoea prevention and management,
De-worming campaigns, nutritional supplements
•
Human Resources
–
A system of capacity building in place
for administrators and teachers
–
Teachers with WASH in Schools
Orientation
–
WASH in Schools on the agenda of the
School Management Committee
•
Monitoring
–
WASH in Schools embedded in the monitoring system of Swachh Patashala
and SSA
Impacts
related to WASH in Schools
Health
•
Diarrhea
•
Soil transmitted helminth infections
•
Trachoma, scabies
•
Acute respiratory infection
•
Impaired growth
Non-health
•
Educational attainment
– Absenteeism
– Attrition
– Concentration
– Test
scores
•
Water availability
– Dehydration
•
Privacy and safety
•
Menstrual management
Long
term impacts of WASH on students
·
Increases attendance
and cognitive development
·
Children are more
receptive to new ideas and can more easily change their behaviour and promote
improved practices within their families and among their communities
·
WASH in schools fosters
social inclusion and individual self-respect by offering an alternative to
stigma and marginalisation
·
Hand washing
with soap, particularly after contact with excreta, can reduce diarrhoeal
diseases by over 44% and respiratory infections by 30%.
WinS Policy and Strategy
•
Right to Education Act (2009) guarantees
separate toilets for girls and boys and safe and adequate drinking water in
schools.
•
Supreme Court Order (2011): “It is
imperative that all schools must provide toilet facilities; empirical
researches have indicated that wherever toilet facilities are not provided in
the schools, parents do not send their children (particularly girls) to
schools’’.
•
A National Mission:
Swachh Bharat Swachh Vidyalaya Mission, October 2014 - mandates a ‘essential
package’ of WinS intervention
•
Swachh Telangana – Swachh Patashala,
a State strategy to promote WASH in Schools
Why
Schools?
•
Schools are an established entry point
for learning
•
Children are fast learners and adapt
their behaviours more easily than adults. Children are also effective role
models.
•
What they learn at school is likely to
be passed on to their peers and siblings, and to their own children if they
become parents
•
Schools are a natural learning
environment, making schoolchildren potentially more receptive to behaviour
change and behaviour change education
•
Schools are also nodes of disease
transmission and therefore should have systems in place to contain spread of disease
Status
of WASH in Telangana
• Around 29,000 schools in Telangana
• Approximately 28 lakh students
• More than 7700 toilets need to be constructed
• More than 6000 toilets need repairs
• Around 3200 schools need drinking water facilities
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